![]() Origin and History:Europe, Mediterranean, Russia, Asia Minor, Azores, North Africa. It often invades areas where Blackberry has been controlled. Once established it smothers shrubby understorey species and prevents the establishment of most native species. It rarely invades undisturbed bush but is invasive where the bush has been thinned by man or disease or disturbed by pigs or rabbits. Road making is a major source of spread.īroom produces large amounts of seed and seedlings establish readily in disturbed sites. Most long distance spread is by floods, machinery and in agricultural produce. The garden varieties are therefore all forms or hybrids of the weedy Broom ( Cytisus scoparius) and should be carefully monitored for weediness.Īllelopathy: Population Dynamics and Dispersal: These are all derived from a brown and yellow variety found in France in 1844 and named Cytisus andraenus or a cross of this species with Spanish Broom ( Cytisus multiflorus) and called Cytisus dallimorei. Hybrids:Commercially available Brooms in a range of flower colours are available from nurseries. Vegetative Propagules:Will regrow from the root crown Seed Biology and Germination:Seeds are long lived. Tolerates shade and will establish in 90% shade.įlowering times:August to November in South Australia. Tolerates low P and N levels but responds readily to phosphate fertilisers. Physiology:Fixes nitrogen with rhizobia bacteria in the root nodules. Leaves often fall during summer and the plant remains relatively leafless for most of the year until new leaves are produced in late spring. A second flowering may occur during summer. On hot days the pods burst open noisily, catapulting the seeds several metres. In their second and subsequent seasons they flower in spring to early summer and the pods develop over summer. Seeds germinate in autumn and spring and grow slowly in their first year. Seeds carunculate (with a fleshy appendage) Staminal tube completely closed around the ovary. Have a fleshy yellowish appendage (aril).įlowers are pea type, yellow and in loose leafy racemesĬalyx green, shortly 2 lipped, teeth minute. Seeds:Yellow-brown, shiny, rounded and flattened, 3-4 mm long by 2 mm wide. ![]() Pod remains coiled on the bush after the seeds have been released. Keel obtuse, bent downwards.įruit:Initially green then brown or black, flattened, explosive pod with 6-22 seeds. Standard is broad and recurved and 16-20 mm long by 20 mm wide. Shortly (5-8 mm) stalked.Ĭalyx - 5-6 mm long, broadly bell shaped. Up to 3000 mm tall but more usually 1200-2000 mm tall.įlower head:Single or in pairs in the axil of bracts or small leaves usually towards the ends of the stems.įlowers:Large, 16-25 mm long, pea type and usually yellow or partly to all red but may be other colours in garden varieties. Many straight, ribbed, semi erect branches. Silky hairy when young becoming hairless with age. Stems:Woody, brownish-green, flexible, 5 ribbed. Smooth on the upper surface, silky underneath. Centre leaflet 5-20 mm long by 1.5-8 mm wide and side leaflets smaller. Leaflets stalkless.īlade of leaflet - Entire, egg to lance shaped. Petiole - Obvious and short on lower leaves but may be very short on young leaves. Often fall off leaving the plant almost leafless. Usually has three leaflets (trifoliate) but may be single on young growth. Older branches are tan with few hairs and no distinct ridges. The young branches are have 5 green, hairy ridges. Summary:An upright to drooping, woody, many branched, perennial leguminous, deciduous, almost leafless shrub up to 3 m tall with a profusion of golden yellow, pea type flowers in spring. ![]() Scottish Broom refers to its country of origin. Scotch Broom refers to its country of origin. Scoparius is from the Latin scopa meaning broom or scoparius meaning sweeping and refers to its use for making brooms.īroom refers to its Latin name and its use for making brooms.Įnglish Broom refers to its country of origin. Synonyms - Sarothamnus scoparius, Spartium scoparius.Ĭytisus Is from the Greek kytisos and was the name of a fodder plant that was probably Medicago arborea.
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